The Middle East and North Africa are already experiencing the impact of climate change on the ground, and in November 2022, UNFCCC’s COP27 will be held in the heart of the region: Egypt. This article explores how the shrinking space for women’s issues and the contention that feminist activism faces impacts women-led organizations around the COP27 conference.

The Egyptian government has a range of laws to target dissent, and authorities have not hesitated to use them. When preparing for activities around COP27 in Sharm El Sheikh or elsewhere in Egypt, individuals and organizations should be aware that it is nearly impossible to participate in advocacy activities perceived as contrary to the government’s interests without risking severe criminal consequences. This explainer covers these laws.

Localization—giving local partners more control and ownership of development initiatives—is a priority for the international development community. Local civil society organizations (CSOs) that can lead, design, and implement effective projects are indispensable to this agenda. This, in turn, is predicated on the existence of an enabling environment for civil society.

UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION In the name of Allah the most beneficent the most merciful Arab Republic of Egypt Office of the President Official Gazette Price: 4Egyptian […]

This page provides information on Middle Eastern and North African government responses to the coronavirus, using information from the COVID-19 Civic Freedom Tracker.

UNOFFICIAL TRANSLAT ION 1 Arab Republic of Egypt Presidency of the Republic Official Gazette Volume 33 Issued on 19 August 2019 UNOFFICIAL TRANSLAT ION 2 […]

The COVID-19 pandemic has unleashed a parallel crisis for civic space. Many of the emergency laws and other extraordinary measures adopted in response to the virus restrict fundamental rights and freedoms.

.1 OJ EI ‘a .3 glriJldd? r;)ll?rl f7J-T .’,r >-./lr*-,b* v’l ),.- t I 2 {- JrCIlorlr o*tli Ulitl sf*.f sJ.ll ddl erlbr pdiii glll […]

In this inaugural publication of the Civic Freedom Digest, ICNL highlights some of the key challenges that digital technologies pose to civic freedom, as well as successful civil society efforts to combat these threats.

On July 15, 2019, Egypt’s Parliament approved a new draft law on civil society organizations (CSOs). (The draft law is available here in English and Arabic.) If ratified by President Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi, the draft law will replace Egypt’s current, draconian CSO law, Law 70 of 2017 on Associations and Other Foundations Working in the Area of Civil Work.

In this article in the Minnesota Law Review, Lloyd H. Mayer explores restrictions on cross-border funding of nonprofits and the possibility of using international investment treaties to protect such funding.

UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION 1 Arab Republic of Egypt Presidency of the Republic Official Gazette Volume No. 20 Issued on 27 Shaban 1438 Hijria Corresponding to 24 […]

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UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION 1 Prof. Dr. Ali Abdel Aal Speaker of the Parliament I have the honor, with their highness members of the Parliament, have the […]

Egypt_draftngolaw2016ar.pdf

PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 26, 2016 The International Center for Not-for-Profit Law (ICNL) is pleased to announce today the launch of its “Civic Freedom Monitor,” a rebranded […]

1 لوادتلل هلباق ريغ هخسن 19 /7 / 6112 نوناقلا تلايدعت حرتقم 48 ةنسل 2002 رادصلإا داوم داوملا ملا صنلاـق حرت يلولأا ةداملا  يلود […]

Ministry of Social Solidarity Draft Law on Civil Associations and Foundations 19 July 2016 1 Unofficial Translation – Not for Circulation Proposed Amendments to Law […]

This report follows the seminar about “Combatting the shrinking of civil society space”, organized by EuroMed Rights, 22-24 April 2016, in Brussels.

This policy briefing by SOLIDAR, the Euromed NGO Platform and The Arab NGO Network for Development (ANND) aims to shed light on the ongoing existing limitations for civil society, human rights defenders, and trade unions, in the EU's Southern Neighboring countries.

In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful
 This is Our Constitution, Egypt is the gift of the Nile for Egyptians and the gift […]

This Journal of Democracy article, written by ICNL President Douglas Rutzen in November 2015, summarizes recent developments in the global crackdown on civil society.

This 2015 report by Human Rights First illustrates the vital importance for the United States to encourage its allies to implement security policies rooted in the reality that good governance, the rule of law, and respect for human rights are essential tools in countering violent extremism.

PUBLISHED: MARCH 11, 2015 ICNL is pleased to announce the release of Volume 17, Issue 1 (March 2015) of The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law (IJNL), which explores […]

This article by Kay Guinane of the Charity & Security Network explains how the Financial Action Task Force has contributed to the global trend of restrictions on civil society.

PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 23, 2014 One year ago on the margins of the 68th UN General Assembly, ICNL stood with President Obama as he launched #StandWithCivilSociety. […]

The newest draft NGO law issued in late June by Egypt’s Ministry of Social Solidarity would severely restrict civil society.

1 Draft law provided by the International Center for Not -for -Profit Law (ICNL). The following unofficial translation has been prepared by ICNL. In the […]

Ministry of Social Solidarity Draft Law on Civil Associations and Foundations 19 July 2016 1 Unofficial Translation – Not for Circulation Proposed Amendments to Law […]

1 Draft dated 2 December 2013 of the Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt Prepared pursuant to Article 29 of the Constitutional Declaration dated […]

This 2013 study by the Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Network examines the legislative framework that enshrines the right to assembly in 13 different countries in the Euro-Mediterranean region and the EU: Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Palestine, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Spain, and the United Kingdom.

This 2013 report by the International Network of Civil Liberties Organizations (INCLO) report examines protest case studies from the United States, Israel, Canada, Argentina, Egypt, Hungary, Kenya, South Africa and the United Kingdom, reflecting on several specific topics.

PUBLISHED: SEPTEMBER 12, 2013 In September 2013, David Moore and Jacob Zenn of ICNL published an article on “Defending cross-border funding for civil society” in […]

Copyright © 2008-2009 www.EastLaws.com All rights reserved Copyright © 2008-2009 www.EastLaws.com All rights reserved Copyright © 2008-2009 www.EastLaws.com All rights reserved

ا ﰲ ردﺎﺼﻟا يرﻮﺘ لدا نﻼﻋﻹ ـﺳ 8 ﻮﻴ ﻮﻳ ﻟ 2013 يرﻮﺘ د نﻼﻋإ ـﺳ ﺖﻗﺆﳌا ﺔﻳرﻮﻬ ا ﺲﻴر ﶺﺋ ﻮﻴ ﻮﻳ ﻦﻣ ﺚﻟﺎﺜ […]

Copyright © 2008-2009 www.EastLaws.com All rights reserved Copyright © 2008-2009 www.EastLaws.com All rights reserved Copyright © 2008-2009 www.EastLaws.com All rights reserved

Copyright © 2008-2009 www.EastLaws.com All rights reserved Copyright © 2008-2009 www.EastLaws.com All rights reserved

In recent years, the Arab region has seen a steady increase in the number of foundations and witnessed increased engagement of corporate philanthropy in support of social/economic initiatives.

PUBLISHED: APRIL 25, 2013 ICNL is pleased to reintroduce Global Trends in NGO Law, an online periodical synthesizing key legal developments affecting CSOs around the world. […]

Global Trends in NGO Law, Volume 4, Issue 1 (April 2013) Letter from the Editor The International Center for Not‐for‐Profit Law is pleased to reintroduce […]

 ­ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺃﻧﻄﻮﻥ  ﺻﻔﻴﺮ ﺑﻚ 1952 ­ 1856 ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺋﻊ ­  871 ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺪ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ )ﻣﻦ ﺃ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺕ( ­  ﺻـ  10  ­ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ  1914  ﺃﻛﺘﻮﺑﺮ  18 ﺑﺸﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤﻬﺮ ﻧﺤﻦ ﺧﺪﻳﻮ ﻣ ﺼﺮ  ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻻﺋﺤﺔ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺎﻛﻢ ﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴﺔ؛ 1883  ﻳﻮﻧﻴﺔ ﺳﻨﺔ  14 ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻻﻃﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻰ ﺍﻟ ﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﻓﻰ  ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ […]

The Arab region witnessed tremendous changes between 2011-2013 as the result of popular uprisings in response to decades of lack of democracy and freedom, economic and social deprivations and inequalities, and a rise in unemployment, particularly among youth, poverty and social marginalization.

 ﻣﻜﺮﺭ ) ﺃ ( ­ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﻮﻥ 14 ﺍﻟﺠﺮﻳﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ ­ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ   ﻡ2011  ﺃﺑﺮﻳﻞ ﺳﻨﺔ  12  ﻫـ، ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻓﻖ  1432  ﺟﻤﺎﺩﻯ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﺳﻨﺔ  9 ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠ ﺲ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﻘﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ 2011  ﻟﺴﻨﺔ  34 ﻣﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﺑﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ  ﺑﺘﺠﺮﻳﻢ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺪﺍء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻭﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ ﺭﺋﻴ ﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠ ﺲ ﺍﻷﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﻘﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﺔ ؛2011 /2 /13 ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻻﻃﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﻟ ﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ  ؛2011 /3 /30 ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺳﺘﻮﺭﻯ ﺍﻟ […]

44  ­ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ  1955  ﻳﻮﻧﻴﻪ ﺳﻨﺔ  6 ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻊ ﺍﻟﻤ ﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻓﻰ  ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ 1955  ﻟﺴﻨﺔ  139 ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﻯ ﺭﻗﻢ  ﺑﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻻﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﺎ ﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻈﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ  ﺑﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻟﻴ ﺲ؛ 1955  ﻟﺴﻨﺔ  234  ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ  6 ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻻﻃﻼﻉ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ   ﺑﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﺎ […]

 ­ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﺃﻧﻄﻮﻥ  ﺻﻔﻴﺮ ﺑﻚ 1952 ­ 1856 ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﺍﺋﻊ ­  49 ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺪ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ )ﻣﻦ ﺃ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺕ( ­  ﺻـ  14  ­ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺭﻗﻢ  1923  ﻣﺎﻳﻮ  30 ﺑﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﺍﻷﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺨﺎ ﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺑﺎﻟﻤﻈﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﺤﻦ ﻣﻠﻚ ﻣ ﺼﺮ ﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺣﻖ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻌﺘﺮ ﻑ ﺑﻪ ﻭﻟﻢ ﺗﻨﻈﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻧﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤ ﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ؛ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻻﺷﺘﺮﺍﻙ ﻟﻸﻫﻠﻴﻦ […]

Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt Signed into law by President Mohammed Morsi on 26 December 2012 English translation provided by Egypt Independent; available […]

PUBLISHED: OCTOBER 5, 2012 Prior to the Arab Spring uprisings, hostile restrictions on NGOs prevented the existence of an independent civil society in many Middle […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 14, Issue 3, September 2012 Nick Gallus 1 In 2011, the Government of the Arab Republic of Egypt […]

This document has been provided by the International Center for Not-for-Profit Law (ICNL). ICNL is the leading source for information on th e legal environment […]

This document has been provided by the International Center for Not-for-Profit Law (ICNL). ICNL is the leading source for information on th e legal environment […]

P R O T E C T I O N O F U . S . N O N – G O V E R […]

PUBLISHED: APRIL 25, 2012 UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay expressed deep concern about recent moves in a number of countries, including Egypt, […]

PUBLISHED: MARCH 15, 2012 Working closely with local Egyptian partners the United Group and the Arab Program for Human Rights Activists, ICNL has been working […]

1 Draft law provided by the International Center for Not -for -Profit Law (ICNL). The following text was published in the Al Shorouk newspaper on […]

1 Draft law provided by the International Center for Not -for -Profit Law (ICNL). The following unofficial translation has been prepared by ICNL. In the […]

In 2011, armed personnel of the Egyptian government detained employees and seized documents and computers from several NGOs.

Contrary to the hopes and expectations of Egyptian and international observers, the year since Egypt’s January 25 Revolution has seen a sustained series of government-orchestrated attacks on civil society.

Egypt_10-1914-ar.pdf

ﺭﺍﺭﻗ ﺱﻳﺋﺭ ﺔﻳﺭﻭﻬﻣﺟﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺑﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺣﺗﻣﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻧﺎﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﻡﻗﺭ 162 ﺔﻧﺳﻟ 1958 ﻥﺄﺷﺑ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﺉﺭﺍﻭﻁﻟﺍ ) 1 ( ﻡﺳﺎﺑ ﺔﻣﻷﺍ ﺱﻳﺋﺭ ﺔﻳﺭﻭﻬﻣﺟﻟﺍ ﺩﻌﺑ ﻉﻼﻁﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻭﺗﺳﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻗﺅﻣﻟﺍ […]

1 Resolution the President of the United Arab Republic o n Law No. (162) of the Year 1958 C oncerning the State of E mergency […]

This document has been provided by the International Center for Not-for-Profit Law (ICNL). ICNL is the leading source for information on th e legal environment […]

This document has been provided by the International Center for Not-for-Profit Law (ICNL). ICNL is the leading source for information on th e legal environment […]

This document has been provided by the International Center for Not-for-Profit Law (ICNL). ICNL is the leading source for information on th e legal environment […]

The Executive Statute of the Law On Non-Governmental Societies and Organizations Ministry Of Insurance And Social Affairs (Social Affairs Sector) Decree No. 178 of the […]

This document has been provided by the International Center for Not-for-Profit Law (ICNL). ICNL is the leading source for information on th e legal environment […]

Law No. 84 Of The Year 2002 ON Non-Governmental Organizations (Associations and Non-Governmental Institutions) In the Name of the People: The President of the Republic; […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 13, Issue 4, December 2011 Jennifer Ann Bremer1 The Mubarak regime actively repressed civil society and all forms […]

Global Trends in NGO Law, Volume 3, Issue 1 (June 2011) On December 17, 2010, Tunisians launched anti-government protests ultimately joined by tens of thousands […]

PUBLISHED: MARCH 23, 2011 The Egyptian Council of Ministers today approved a Decree criminalizing promotion of or participation in any assembly that would hamper work […]

PUBLISHED: MARCH 4, 2011 Since 2005, ICNL has worked with local and international partners in Egypt to promote an enabling legal and regulatory environment for […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 12, Issue 3, May 2010 Mohamed ElAgati1 Since the beginning of the 1990s, the issue of foreign funding […]

On March 7, 2010, the Egyptian newspaper Al Dustour published what is reported to be the leaked text of a Draft Law to replace the existing Law on Associations and Foundations (Law 84 of 2002).

  The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 10, Issue 4, August 2008 Nadine H. Abdalla1 Over the past decade, it has been noted that […]

  The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 10, Issue 4, August 2008 James G. McGann1 This article discusses the current political conditions within Egypt, and […]

PUBLISHED: MAY 2, 2007 Over the course of the past year, ICNL hosted four Senior Fellows from Algeria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Egypt to support cutting […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2007 By Mohamed Agati 1 I. Introduction In Egypt, government restrictions on the activities […]

PUBLISHED: JULY 9, 2006 From July 2 – 5, 2006, ICNL held a conference on Strengthening Civil Society in the Arab Region: Models for Legal Reform. […]

PUBLISHED: MAY 17, 2006 On May 17, 2006, ICNL hosted a forum on “Civil Society in the Middle East: Trends Opportunities, and Obstacles.” The forum […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 6, Issue 4, September 2004 By Janine A. Clark Reviewed by Amani Kandil* This book is divided in […]

PUBLISHED: DECEMBER 4, 2002 Dr. Ibrahim is a noted sociologist, civil society and human rights activist, and founder of the Ibn Khaldoun Center for Development […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 5, Issue 1, September 2002 Egypt Saad Ibrahim and the Ibn Khaldoun Center by Karla W. Simon* There […]

PUBLISHED: JUNE 6, 2002 President George W. BushThe White HouseWashington, DC Dear Mr. President: We applaud the commitment you expressed in your recent West Point […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 4, Issue 4, June 2002 Egypt Saad Ibrahim Convincted Again The retrial of Saad Ibrahim, Director of the […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 4, Issue 2-3, March 2002 Egypt Update on the Saad Ibrahim Case The retrial of US-Egyptian academic Saadeddin […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2001 Egypt Saad Eddin Ibrahim’s case has cooled down in the summer heat* Things […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 4, Issue 1, September 2001 Egypt Saad Eddin Ibrahim’s case has cooled down in the summer heat* Things […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 3, Issue 3, March 2001 Egypt Egyptian Court Sentences Human Rights Activist Saad Addin Ibrahim to Seven Years […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 3, Issue 2, December 2000 Egypt Trial of Egyptian Social Scientist Begins By Shannon Eskow, ICNL Legal Intern […]

  The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 3, Issue 1, September 2000 Egypt Statement of Dr. Saadeddin Ibrahim- October 1st, 2000 The following is […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 2, Issue 4, June 2000 Egypt Legal Framework: Egyptian Court Strikes Down Controversial Law On June 3, the […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 2, Issue 3, March 2000 Egypt Fears in the Egyptian Third Sector   Hafez Abu Sa’ada, the secretary […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 1, Issue 4, June 1999 Regional A meeting will be held in Amman, Jordan to discuss legal developments […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 1, Issue 3, March 1999 Regional A meeting will be held in Amman, Jordan to discuss legal developments […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 1, Issue 2, December 1998 Regional 1. Model Law for the Arab World The Board of Directors of […]

The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law Volume 1, Issue 1, September 1998 Egypt; West Bank/Gaza; Yemen EGYPT Law No. 32 of 1964, which has been […]